Process and apparatus for charging storage batteries.



'i'. SPENCER.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES.

APPLICATIQN FILED SEPT. 30, 19H). Y

Patented Nov. 19, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' lNV/ZN 70/1. 'ZHDMA S SPENCER A T'IORNE T. SPENCER.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES.

' APPLICATION FILED SEPLBO, X916 Patented Nov. 19, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2;

/ N VI? A" 7 'OR.

m mm s W T. SPEN -R.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.3OI 1916.

mama Nov 19, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SIIEET 3.

v Mm v NC hm EN O [Wm 5 06 E. E M E H m u m.

I. SPENCER. PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERIES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.30. I916.

iafenated. Nov. 19 I918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4- If Y . tions and. charge I .Jffili' ASSIGNOR, BY MESN'E ASSIG SIN-1 A. (@EPGRUQLESN F NEW' YORK;

.fappliontic c. E umber ill), 1916.

will deliver on discharge. in ligh-cing'systerns employing storage batteries it is therefol-"e necessary to devise some Way to protect the lamps from excessive voltage While the battery is charged, oiherwise they would soon hi: V out.

To eicoinplisll this purpose various schemes hs've been proposed, such as churn ing' the battery in halves with .gcsi. once .0 take up the excessive voltage of the genome tor, or in some cases, by counter 1 cells in series withthe lmnp circuit. To is more or less complicated and the is very wasteful of energy.

it has also been. proposed lo divide the storage loetter set into at plurality of seca certain number of tions, less than the whole number, at time, and when these have been charged to s Cy? extent, l, or full charge, to disconneci one section and add nnothe this way the process is continued until full set is charged. This avoids the loss of energy incident to charging the whole lirough a resistance, but it requires an attendant to be present during charging operation, otherwise the sections will not uniformly charged.

cells it is therefore necessary to 51! cell individual tion or else 1*.

will be either nuclei-charged or overo. urged. A. further ohjecr-i in my ll'l'l'filliTlOil is therefore to provi'ze arrangement whe ehv hunk oi end will be subjected. to the shown in llig. 3 1s a partial sectional view of the Nomi 1918.

Serial No. 1253,89.

.lill ii oi": charging" storage but h mm waste of energy and see not require the attention of an lieiuring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a. plan view of the controller employed in. my charging apparatus.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the controller Fig. l.

controller taken on the line AA of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 4 is an end View of the brush liftinglever.

Fig. 5 is a diagram. ntic development of the controller with the generator and hatl'sries connected in proper relation.

'6 and '3' modified forms of the controller.

orator terminals, While the -fourth is in repose. This will require a charging voltage from the generator approximately equal to the normal voltage of the entire battery. The lamps will therefore receive approxie inetely normal voltage during the charging operation, Instead of charging the first group of three cells to one-third normal charge before substituting a new group for one or" the partially charged groups, I have devised apparatus to shift the generator terminals from one group of three to another in rapid succession. The means for accomplishing this purpose will. now be explained in detail.

lleiferring to the drawings, the controller consists of an :mle 1 adapted to be rotated by an electric motor 2 through a belt .3 and worm gear arrangement 4. This axle has a plurality of nonconduc'ting disks carrying e plurality of contacts. In the controller shown lhere are eight disks 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, l2, l8, and ii, hearing one or more contacts properly spaced around the periphery.

Eight stationer brushes, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,

20, 21 and 22 engage the contacts ljLQBl HllH- periods of their rotation to close the circuit in a predetermined way. These brushes (except brush 22) are connected by iiem-ble 5 conductors 31 with their contact blocks :32, 33, .34, 35, 36, 37 and 38 respectively, which in turn are connected up to the proper cuits of the battery groups. Brush 22 is connected by flexible cable 31, to a charging i resistance 60 (Fig. The brushes are preferably mounted on a nonconduc-iing shaft 23 which is rotatably secured in bearings 24:, 25, so that the brushes can .be moved into and out of operative position. To acl5 complish this purpose, a handle 26 is secured to shai't 23 and a projection 27 thereon engages spring 28, so that the brushes will be held either against the rotating canis, or out i of contact therewith, depending :upon' the zo'position into which the handle is thrown.

That is,-whon it engages r'ace 29 of projection 27 the brushes will be in contact relation, and when it is in engagement with surface 30 the brushes will be thrown out of .35 operative position. Also, attached to shaft 23 are the single pole switches 56, 57, and f tliesingl'e pole double throw switch 58, so i that when the handle 26 is in the horizontal [position and the brushes are down on their 3o conductors, switches 56, 57 are open and ,switch 58 -is closed on the upper contacts 5 of Fig. 5. Whenthe handle is in the inclined position,"the brushes arc oii their conductors, switches 56 and 57 are closed and switch 53 is closed on lower contacts 6.

The end disks or drums 7 and i l carry a 'continuoi'rs' ring conductor 38 and 39 and are always in contact with brushes 15 and 22 unless the brushes have been thrown out 40 of position by means of the handle 26. The

contact drum 8 has three contacts'39, sill and 41 (Fig, 3) properly spaced apart to prevent the brush 16' from contacting with two at the same time. Drum 9 has only 5 two contacts 42 and 4:3, while drum 10 has three contacts H, 45 and 46. Drum 11 likewise has three contacts 4:7, l8 and d9, while drum 12 has only two contacts and 51. The remaining drum has three con- 5 tacts 52, 53 and 54.

' As will be seen on referring to Fig. contacts 39, 44, 50 and 52 are in alinement with each other in the direction of the axis of rotation of the controller, so that all of those four will be in contact with their brushes during substantially one-fourth of the time or rotation of the controller confacts. .The next period of time contacts 40, i2, 47 and53 will be in contact with their brushes, and during the third period, con-' tacts 43, 15, 48 and 54: will "engage their brushes. Finally contacts 41. 46, 49 and 51.

' during the fourth period, will engage their res cctive brushes.

he controller will thus be seen to consist ductors to contact 4-]. of the upper row 5), contact -13 of the second row, contact of the third row and contact 50 of the bottom row.

cd to be connected with one terminal of the generator 61. In a similar manner contacts 51, 54, 42 and 44. of the other rows are connected with thejlip ring 39 which is in turn connected to. the other generator terminal through contact block 39", switch 58, contacts 5, charging resistance 60 and lead 31 to brush 22 which engages the slip ring. The two central contacts 46 and -19 of the top row, as well as the central contacts 45 and 4d of the second two are connected together in order to join the negative terminal of group B of the storage battery with the positive terminal of group C during two of the chargi 1,; periods. In the third row the two outer contacts 40 and 53, and also the two outer contacts 39 and 52 of the bottom row are connected together to join the positive terminal. of group A with the negative terminal of group D during the remaining I two periods.

The period of rotation of the controller contacts is such as to switch in or out the battery sets in a relatively rapid manner as compared to kno\vun1ctliods where the groups will be maintained in circuits until say a hall or a third of a charge has been completed. The exact speed of rotation of the controller contacts in my improvement is not limited to any definite value, but I prefer to have a complete rotation at least once every h'al'fminute. rotation should be such that if the charging is interrupted at any period, no one of the groups will have received charge appreciably greater than any of the others.

The operation of: my controller will now be described; Referring to the diagramlnatic illustration oi Fig. 5, the batteries are divided upv inlo four groups A, B, C and D, and these are all connected up to certain of the brushes in the circuit controllcr'to accomplish the charging of the battery in sets of three groups. To charge the battery the handle 26 is thrown into the horizontal posi lion (Fig. which brings the brushes in cngagcm on the rotatable disks, opens switches 56 and 5? and closes switch 58 in the up position (Fig. 5). Then. as soon as main switch 55 is (-loscd the motor starts to rotate the controllerarrangement and the charging begins. lhe-circuit of the motor can be traced from charging generator (31, lead (12, switch '55, wire 63, terminal block 32, wire 641-, motor 59, terminal 39", wire 65, switch 55, back to is connected by suitable con,

The rapidity of with their respective contacts One contact of cach row isthus connected to the slip ring 38 which is adaptgenerator lead 66. The contacts Wiii ing the first quarter period of the revolution.

engagem nt with the brushes sonie'ih than one-fourth of the time taken A complete revolution. as there must be 51 filcientinsulating space therehetwecn to prevent the brushes from engaging two con tacts at once. However, for purposes er;- planation it will be assumed that thehrushes are in engagement with the contacts for 2.

quartei' of o. pei-ioci of revolution,

Tie controller having now been in operamon by the roux-non oi motor,

' described. Buying this quarto:- peiioci of the revolution, charged.

When the first row of contacts we rohated out from beneath the brushes, she second row of oontscts, 40, 42, 4 and 53 are brou be into contact position. then flows from the generator throu h. coninc ring 38, cont-sci" ms. M, "For sh i9. terminoi 36, soon *s 63 and of the hst-- tei y, terminal 38 crush. :21, contacts 53 and. 40, brush i6, iez-minci 33, seciion A storage homely, 3%., brush 17 sects and 54, Bing; $9, hrush charging resistance and thence to generator, as previously described. Du this quarter period of revolution, SQBMGIL. C, D and A. are heing charged.

groups D, A and B are During the third quarter of tEB i'QVOTiH- tion, 'concacss 4-3, 1:5. and use brought in engagement with their brushes and the circuit is. completed from ring 38, contacts 41 and 4 3', brush 1?, terminal 3 2, through group B of the batteries to terminal 85,

brush 18, contacts 45 and :8, brush l9, inermi nal 36, through groups C and Q, of the cat'- teries to terminaiiifi. bl'ilShj iji. and contact 54:, to the negative ring 39, brush 252. ieesi 31, oimrgingrosisiance and thence to the generator, as previously described. During this quarter period of revoiution, groups H, C and D are beingcharged.

. The next quarter period' oi the nwoiution contacts 41 p46. 49 and 51 are brought into 7 groups A ami B of the battery, to terminai 'engegeemensxwich their brushes and circuit is then oioseri from the positive lung 38 to contact 41, brush 16. terminai 33, through 35, brush 18, contacts 4-6 and 49, brush 19., terminal 36,.th1 ough group C to formula 37. brush 20, contacts 51, 54, to negative ring;

3 9, brush leadfil', charging resistance 4 g closed. the switc into operas ntmue any Voltage system the co. Fens will i if :iown gradually reach vefy low value when the hoetei es ifui charged.

" .e current so this time fishes no 0 close attention is therefore reed. HoWm-er, if it is desired. to ciisconno the charging operation for some ieuson or other, before the batteries are completely charged, the attendant will open the switch 58 from the posieion shown in Fig. 4:, when the charging operation Wii} cease. To fihrow the batteries into operm iive position in re fard to iig is, switches anci 5? u lc i uhen and switch thrown mu; it down position n F5 4 .2111 haijte s Wiii if? i iacoai through 1,119,

mine} of group A. through group B,

5 =oups C unci D, switch 58, terminal 3& Wi.e 65, switch 55, throufih the imnps or other i-iunsia'ting cievice, Wires and terminal 32, switch 56 back to fihe 'posisive iei'mitnul of section A.

improved charging; system can be used wherever it is necessary to charge storage batteries, but is of espeoiai value (suit.

fo isoisyted installations. such asiighting useci on forms one} in rural zmnities. relatively simpie to operate no. no skiiled attendant to oversee is operation ciuring the charging of the sizery so mphi inbarmitteni: charging of the cells only is advantageous from the seondpoint of practicai operation, but it is siso beneficial as it o'ives a period of open circuit few the equalizing of the acid strength in the vicinity of the plates, and also for equalizing the charge taken by the indi-- veoi'ion consists in diviiiing the batteries inc-o a piumiity of groups and charging a sexism number of relatively n can result by failure So open the C11- positive short time then addin additional ones while removing others and again charging for a short period, and thus continuing in a cycle wherein the groups arein and out of circuit for short periods of time. It will therefore be evident that the benefits of brief intermittent charges can be obtained in a variety of ways included in the scope of the invention.

Modifications of the inventionbsliown in Figs. 5, 7 and 8 are adapted-"for end cell regulation; --I.l o simplify matters the arrangement is sho 'w'i'ifinore or less diagrammatically.

lin Fig. 6 a plurality of cells E are connected to insulated contacts 67, 68 which are adapted to be engaged by rotating contacts 69 in a manner to be described later. Each of the contact strips 69 is connected to a second strip '70, any one of which can be connected to a slip ring 71 by an adjustable switch block 72 which may be moved by any welllmown means. Instead of having all of the outer rotating contacts of a solid block of metal 69, two contacts 73, 74- are provided. Contact 74: is connected to one of the segments in the same manner as has been described in connection with con tact 69. Contact 73, however, is connected directly to a slip ring 75. Brushes 76, 77 contact with the slip rings 71. and 75. One of the brushes, say brush 76, is connected to one of the terminals of the storage battery set 78'whose voltage is to be raised or lowered by the end cell arrangement. The other brush is connected to the translating device (not shown). l-l'owevcr, the batteries E can be regarded as the entire set, any J'je of which can be cut out or in as an end cell. In other words, all the batteries can be connected to the controller instead of connccting only the end cells.

The operation of the end cell system as follows. End "cells E, as well as their contacts 67, 68 are stationary while all of the other parts rotate together excepting, ol course, the brushes 76, 77. When tie contact arm 72 has been adjusted to connect the contact block 70 with the slip ring; 71 as shown in the drawing, all of the end cells are in series with the battery 78 so that the voltage of the set is boosted or raised amount equal to the sumtotal of the voltage of the end cells. However. these end. cells have the current rapidly interrupted by the rotating mechanism, as the contacts '19 pass from one oi": battery tirminals to an other. In this connection it must be said that the contacts 69 are long enough to connect one battery terminal with the adjacent one, but are not long enough to connect to gether the two contacts of any one battery.

It the voltage of the batt ry rises due a decrease in the load, switch. contact block 72 Wlll be moved clockw se to engage another of the contact blocks 70 as shown in dotted lines. There are then only 15 end cells in the circuit, but there no one cell cut out of the circuit entirely. Each of the 15 cells are placed in circuit during of the revolution of the contacts and out of circuit for of a revolution. If the contact arm were moved to join the next segment 70 with the slip ring 71, only 14 of the cells would be in circuit at any one time, each of the 16 cells, however, being in circuit for g of a revolution and out of circuit for the remaining of: the revolution.

. The contact block 7'2. can thus be noved'.

around to decrease the number of cells to be in circuit at any given time, while distributing the drain equally over the full set of end cells. If the block be moved until it engages block 79. all of: the end cells will be cut out. It will be understood that by moving the arm in the reverse direction any given number of cells can be cut in in a way similar to what has just been described.

In Fig. 7 I have disclosed the controller system somewhat similar to that shown in Fig. of the charging scheme. The open. tion of this controller will now be described as briefl as possible without sacrificing clcarness.

When the contact arm 80 is in engagement with the first contact 81, the current will flow from line 82 direct to Sll") ring 83, to contact 85, through cud cell It", contact 86 through the horizontal connection to contact 87, end cell PP, contact 88, end cell E, con tact S9, end cell E", contact 50. end cell E, contact 91, end cell E contact 92, through the diagonal connection direct to slip ring: 93, brush 1-. line 95%, to the storage battery sot whose voltage is being raised or lowered. With the arm in this position it will be seen that all of the end cells in circuit and the sum total of their voltage is being l the battery set under regulation. be understood that the controller and slip rings are being ro l manner as described in connccfl with the charging set shown in ii, 2, 3, and. 5. The brushcs joined to the end ccll terminals make a brief contact with the contacts to 92 inclusive and then engage the nerd roa of contacts shown above them in the diagrannnatic illustratimi.

llhen contact arm 80 orig In 95 the circuit can be traced 8'2 through the conl'niillcr lo the horizontal connection 04, through Eflrontact 88, a1, contact .29, E, contact 90, ll, contact 9i, G contact 92,

' slip ring 93. In this position E with contact 95, and supposing the conconiacc "130, elirougli circuic at any one time, and yet each one o tech 89,

With the contact arm still in eng'zlgem troller to rotate until the second row of comtacts are in engagement with the brusli% eita-ched to the end cell terminals the Cli'fielll? can. be traced to slip ring llo anal them we contact 97, end cell E contact 98, tin-co horizontal connection to contact 99, E, coo tact 100,13 concoct 10 1,191 contact102,f" e mm 13 e1 contact103, through the diagonal connection to slip ring 93 and out as before. In this position' E has been cut out.

Wit-l1 the controller arm 80 still in engage ment with the contact 95 the next inst: the third line of conti'oller contacts will 81;- gage the end cell brushes nncl circuic can be traced to contactlfiei, cell E 105, E, contact 106, through lioi'izon g l nection to concoct 107, Tel, contact contact 109, Efiicon'laot 11G, 'tlii'ai diagonal connection slip 11 g 93 2 as before. In this position end cell idle.

The next instant the fourth row c tools are in engagement with the eml c brushes and circuit can'be trcccl om s to ring 96 through the diagonal connection through contact 111, end cell CQD LCl 112, end cell Eicontcc'c 113, E c horizontal connection to contaci'; cell 13, confiact 116, end cell 751*", cool;

through the diagonal comic-scion "no; oil

as, but) 111 Cliff,

out.

The filth row of. controller 0 come into engagement with the brushes and circuit may loo 1i 1cm. the diagonal connection to 0% cell E contact 119, contec'i 129 I met 121, E contact 122, horizon-tel con; fiion'to contact 123, "T1 contact 12-4, ll'u'oo, ilie diagonal ci'zmiccho 70 clip 3. this position l5 lam-1i. cm; out The next instant lllQ top row of engages ill?) end cell brushes and circuit be tracecl through also iliz'i'gonal cons; 1

1'27, 1" contact 128,

tion to slip ring 93. cell E has been cut one. I

It Will be seen fiom t-lie foregoing scription that with the controller arm contact 95", only five o'f'tlie end cells 4 zontal) rows of contacts s ranged in n circumferential (vertical) rows. There are also n-Z large contacts in each row, both linear and circumferential, adapted to engage two of the brushes and two small contacts in each row, both linear and circumferential. 'lhere are also two terminal slip rin s each connected to a small contact in eac row, both linear and circumferential, and a plurality of additional slip rings each connected to a large contact. in each row. The number of these additional slip rings used Will depend upon the purpose. If all cells are subject to being cut out, as would probably be the case when all the-cells are end cells, then it additional slip rings will be needed. However, iflhe batteries (six in number in Fig. 8) are looked upon as the entire set (main cells plus end cells) then as many additional slip rings will be needed as there are end cells to be cut out. In Fig. 8 if'only one of the cells is to be cut out, there would be one additional. ring. if two are thus subject, there would be two such rings.

It will be apparent that the controllers -shown in Figs. 7 and 8 can be used either for regulation or for charging. in other words these controllers will perform in the same way regardless of whether. the charging or the discharging method is being followed.

it will also be apparent that all the controllers can be constructed for any number of batteries without departing from the spirit of the invention. 7 i

The controller shown in Fig. 5 is likewise capable of use in carrying; either the charginc; or discharging method. it is also capable of use with any number of batteries. In this controller there are n batteries var-4 large contacts adapted join cc iace brushes with pair of small adapted to contact with not join) jacent brushes as the controller is rotated.

Having described. my invention, What i clainris:

l. in storage battery charging apgmratus, a plurality of roll cable contacts, a pair switches adapt-ed ,to connect th the batteries, plurality ncctcil to the batteries and means ior :nov ing: the brushes against the x and simultaneously opening sold 2 seemed;

In storage battery charging apparatus, a plurality of rotating disks having contact segincnts,.a rotatable shaft, a plurality of brushes on said shaft and a pair of switches adapted to connect the batteries to the mains said switches being connected to said shaft and positioned to be opened or closed when said brushes are on or oil said seg ments respectively.

3,. In battery chargingapparatus, a generator, a storage battery set divided into two sections provided With terminals and middle posts, brushes connected to the terminals and middle posts, a plurality'of contacts adapted to engage the brushes, and "means for rotating the contacts.

Tn b ttery charging apparatus, a genorator, a storage battery set dividedinto two sections provided with terminals and middle posts, a" switch for connecting the battery sections in series, brushes connected to theterminals and middle posts, a plurality of contacts adapted to engage the brushes and means for rotating the contacts.-

5. In battery charging apparatus, a onerator having brushes connected to its erminals, a storage battery set divided into two sections providedwith terminals and middle posts, a pair of brushes, additional brushes connected to the terminals and mid die posts, terysections in series,

a pair of slip rings adapted to engage said first mentioned a switch for connecting said batbrushes, a plurality of contacts adapted to engage the second mentioned brushes and means for rotating he slip rings and contacts. V 1

in battery chihlging apparatus, a generator having two terminalsa storage but tery set oividedl into "two sections having terminals andintermediate posts, a conduct- .ing member connected to each generator terminal through the charging operation,

bFUSlIQCOi1nQGll to the battery terminals and posts, a plurality of rows of contacts adapted to engage said brushes, said membore beinq connected to certain of said contacts, RIM. means for causing relative moveinentbetwecnthe brushes and rows of eontacts,

7. in battery charging apparaths, a gem having two torininalsa storage bat tery' set divided into sections having ter-' ininals, and intermediate posts, it conducting member connected to each generator terminal throughout the charging operation, brushes connected to the battery terminals and. POSQSyii plurality of rows 0!) contacts, said sale contacts, a conductor connecting a conloot in one row with a contact in z nothcr row, and means ior causing relative movemembers being connected to certain of men: between the-brushes and rows of con- Y merging apparatus, a geniii) isal ce to connectoml disconnect one of said slip rings from generator terminal 19. in storage hosiery changing apgerzihis, e battery (livideol into a plurality of gzrov: s, a plurality of rotatable contacts, a ill llllty of brushes means for moving saiil brushes into engagement witli soicl contacts, 2i conductor comics cal to one of the mains and to one-of said brushes, a second. COL-1'- (luctor connected to the other of the mains and to one terminal of a movable swiicli, is charging resistance connected to o, brush and to the other terminal of said switch, and means connecting the terminals of the groups with the i'euieii'iing brushes.

in crater, a storage battery set divided into two sections having terminals and micieile posts, a pair of slip rings a pliirzility of rows of conizecie, o rot-stable support for incoming saicl slip rings amlconcec'bs thereon, e plurality of brushes connected to the generator terminals, battery terminals and middle posts e resemble insulssing sheila for mounting ssicl brushes thereon, 2; switch blade on said shaft edaptecl vto connect a terminal of e hosiery section Will 9, genorator terminal, a switch blade on. snicl shaft adopted to connect a terminal of the other section with the remaining lerminal of the ge'nerefior and a 'chircl switch on said shaft adopted to connect, the remaining lmttery terminals together. I

21. in batiei'y charging apparatus, o pair of brushes, in conductor connecting the generaior mains to one of said brushes, a con doctor connecting the other of the 11mins to o swiich block, ii cherging resistance connected the second of said brushes, mll'flf, for c'onnecsing seirl block with 521552 resist once, a so hosiery sc divided into two sectioi1s,,.e A Y 'iz'iishes connected to the {1(31'2Illilfilf5 'osi s of said sections, a switch said sections in sei-i swiiciies i acting the terminals 0 'cl hosiery sets to mains, slip rings 11933, c pliiralio battery charging apparatus, :2 genfirst cml seconrl c. plumli'cy of contact necl itceiigege said additional means for rotating the slip and Contact. segments.

3 battery charging; apps-rates, e genes: r 2 storage battery set divided into two sections liming terminals anclinterinedicte posts l pair of slip rings, a resistance iuhiptoci so he coiiiicciaeil between one of said slip rings fillfi one oi the sac 'etor termii of rows of cont acts, an in-- sulating support; for mounting said rings and contacts ilicreon, a motor connected across the generator terminals for rotating support, (I plurality of brushes connected to the generator terminals, battery sci-Illinois and middle posts, a rotatable insulating shaft fol-mounting said brushes thereon, a switch blade for connecting a teriiiinel of one section with one lecil of said generator, a second switch for comiectilw a terminal of the other section to the ot ior generator terminal, o third switch for conhis, a storage butt-cry set divided. into two sections, a plurality of resemble disks having contacts orotetable shaft, a plurality oi hr shes on soii'l shaft and sdiiptod to be placed on or of? said contacts by rotating the shaft :1 pair of switches ociaptecl to connect the batteries (0 the mains and a third switch mlaptecl' to connect said sections in series, all of said switches being fastened to said shaft and positioned to he opened or closed when said brushes are on or oil'- Sflid contccss respectively.

il. in storage better charging apparahis, a generator, :1 storage battery set (lividerl into two sections, ii plurality of disks lowing; contacts. a motor connected to the iermimils of the generator, a rotatable shaft, a plurality of brushes on the shaft and adapted to be pies-cal on or off sold contacfis by rotating said shaft, :1 pair of switches zuhiptexl to connect the batteries to the mains. ii'thiml switch adapted to connect saiil sections in series, all of switches being fastened to seicl shell; and 'giositioneil to he opened or closed. when SliiCl brushes are on or off said contacts respectively, a. charging resistance, and. ii fourth switch adopted iro disconnect; said motor from the generator.

in iest-iiiiony whereof hereunto :iiiii: my signetui'c. 

